EV Software Updates and What They Change

Electric vehicles rely heavily on software, and many can receive updates without a trip to the dealer. Those updates can add features, fix bugs, and sometimes change how the car drives or charges. Here's how EV software updates work, what they typically change, and what they can't fix.

How EV software updates are delivered

There are two main ways an EV gets new software:

• Over-the-air (OTA) updates. The car downloads the update over a cellular or Wi-Fi connection, much like a phone. You may be prompted to install it, often while the car is parked.
• Dealer or service center updates. Some updates, especially for certain control modules, still require a technician to connect the car to diagnostic equipment.

Not every EV can update every system over the air. Some brands update only the infotainment system remotely, while others can update many vehicle systems. Your owner's manual or the brand's app will explain what your car supports.

What updates commonly change

Software updates can touch many parts of the car. Common examples include:

1. Infotainment and navigation. New apps, updated maps, redesigned menus, and bug fixes.
2. Charging behavior. Changes to charge scheduling, charging speed management, or compatibility with charging networks.
3. Battery management. Adjustments to how the car heats, cools or balances the battery, which can affect range estimates and charging.
4. Driver assistance features. Refinements to lane keeping, adaptive cruise control or parking aids.
5. Drive settings. Changes to regenerative braking options, drive modes or accelerator response.
6. Recall fixes. Some safety recalls are now handled with a software update instead of a part replacement.
7. New paid features. Some manufacturers offer optional features or subscriptions that are unlocked through software.

What software can't fix

Software is powerful, but it has limits. An update can't repair:

• A physically damaged battery module or cell
• A failed drive motor bearing
• Worn suspension, steering or brake parts
• A broken charging port or damaged cable
• Water intrusion or corrosion in connectors

Sometimes an update can change how a hardware problem shows up, such as limiting power to protect a weak component. But the underlying part may still need repair.

Tips for handling updates

A few habits make updates go smoothly:

• Read the release notes before installing so you know what's changing.
• Install while parked in a safe place with a strong connection, and don't try to drive during installation.
• Keep enough charge. Some cars require a minimum battery level to install an update.
• Check your settings afterward. Updates occasionally reset preferences like charge limits or drive modes.
• Report problems. If something stops working after an update, contact the dealer or service center and note the software version.

Recalls and software updates

When a safety recall is resolved with an OTA update, it still counts as a recall. You can confirm whether your car has open recalls by entering your VIN on NHTSA's website or the manufacturer's site. If an update didn't install correctly, the dealer can usually apply it manually.

How updates relate to warranty coverage

Factory warranties for EVs typically include a basic warranty plus longer coverage on the battery and drive unit. For example, Tesla's basic warranty is 4 years or 50,000 miles, with the battery and drive unit covered for 8 years with a mileage limit that depends on the model. Polestar's basic warranty is 4 years or 50,000 miles, with 8 years or 100,000 miles on the battery. Terms can vary by model year.

Software updates are usually provided by the manufacturer and aren't something a service contract pays for. Service contracts focus on mechanical and electrical breakdowns. Many plans that cover EVs include parts such as the drive motor, inverter, onboard charger and infotainment hardware. Our hybrid and EV components page explains what's often covered.

Questions to ask about a used EV

If you're buying a used EV, ask:

• Is the car on current software, or are updates pending?
• Are any recalls open?
• Do paid features or subscriptions transfer to a new owner?
• How much factory battery coverage remains for this VIN?

You can find factory terms by brand on our makes page.

How Warranty Wizards can help

We help you compare plans from third-party providers and explain what each plan covers before you buy, including EV-specific parts. If you'd like to see options for your electric vehicle, request a free quote.